PRODUCTION OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS USING ESCHERICHIA COLI

ABSTRACT

This research study is focused on the production of antimalarial drugs from bacteria (Escherichia coli). Malaria is a life threatening protozoan disease caused by malaria parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium. Malaria parasites infecting humans belong to four species: Plasmodium (P.) falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P.ovale. . Malaria harms the infected host as a consequence of the blood stage infection. New methods of antimalria treatment are created each day. E. coli  belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae, to which E. coli belongs, consists of rod­ shaped bacteria that are frequently motile owing to the presence of peritrichous flagella (Brenner D, 1981). Their cells are of medium length, stout, arranged singly, and on agar usually form colonies having an entire edge this research has as main objective to produce antimalarial drugs from  bacteria E. coli

It is a two stage research thesis with the 1^st stage focusing on the extraction of E. coli from the a faecal sample of bird its was extracted with the use of ethyl acetate form two  layer and the pure bacteria layer was used to produce formulate the maleria drugs.Results show that the bacteria was effectively extracted .

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW

INTRODUCTION

Malaria is a life threatening protozoan disease caused by malaria parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium. Malaria parasites infecting humans belong to four species: Plasmodium (P.) falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P.ovale. While these four species do not ordinarily infect animals; there is evidence that Chimpanzees may act as a reservoir host for Plasmodium malariae in Africa, providing a possible source of human infection. Arora and Arora ;( 2009). Malaria is still an  important public health threat in Cameroom with the whole country exposed to the risk of transmission (MINSANTE, 2018) although significant  processhas been made in the recent past, the disease remains prevalent with a high number of suspected cases in health care facilities varying between 3.3-3.7million per year (MINSANTE, 2018). Malaria parasite transmission is highly heterogeneous with high and perennial parasite transmission occurring in the forest, coastal and humid savanna areas and low  parasite transmission in highlands and seasonal parasite transmission in sahelian dry savanna areas(NMCP,2015). Plasmodium falciparum is the main parasite responsible for over 95% of the cases (WHO, 2015). Other human-infecting plasmodium species circulating in the country include P. maleriae, P.ovale and P. vivax (Tabue RN et al., 2019). The latter parasite species which was thought to be absent from West and Central Africa in more recent evolutionary times, has now been reported in the country (Fru-Cho et al., 2019), highlighting the changing patterns of malaria in Cameroon.