inter urban

LITERATURE REVIEW

It is necessary to study what other authors have written both at the global and local scales on the topic. Such ideas are explained in the review below. These ideas are reviewed in two parts, that is, transportation and inter urban transportation.

                   Transportation

According to Tomassini (2010), the continuous rise in urban population has rendered many transport systems obsolete, which affect not only the economic aspect of the city life but also the quality of life of the residents.

Therefore, city transport planning authorities face several problems today, which result in providing efficient transport and at the same time ensuring sustainability and a high standard of living.

The author further explains that some five categories of problems, that island used, congestion, car dependence, environment and other issues, which include safety, political difficulties and economic prosperity, greatly influence the function of transportation in a given area.

Agbor (2011) explained that “transportation have been experiencing and still experiences a series of difficulties in many parts of Africa, Cameroon inclusive. This greatly hinders spatial interaction between one urban area and the other”.

In the same light, inter-urban transportation problems in Bamenda is a result of the rapid urbanization of Bamenda, not just only in the case of bad roads, but mostly due to traffic congestion and scarcity of parking space especially around Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About.

According to Anguissa (2000) the present upsurge of “ Motor Taxi “ as a response to the increase in the population of the neighbourhood of Mimboman, which is a periphery in Yaoundé, is the problem of transportation that plaque the area. He insisted that this means of transportation has been ignored as a poor means of transportation. In the city of

Bamenda especially around busy areas like Hospital Round About and Mobile Nkwen, taxi is seen as the most common and usable mode of transportation but can be responsible for the occurrence of inter-urban road transportation problems through traffic congestion and pollution.

Ngale (2000) pointed out that urban centres in developing countries are characterized by a limited number of quality transport linking the core and the periphery. This explains why the existence of inter-urban transportation in the city of Bamenda along major road junctions of Hospital Round About and Mobile Nkwen because such constitutes the core of the city.

Colin (2001) noted that transport elements are unevenly distributed throughout the network. This causes congestion in some areas of the network”. In the same way, the existence of inter-urban transportation problems in Bamenda is not a problem of every place but restricted to road junctions, since vehicles choose to circulate in areas like Hospital Round About and Mobile Nkwen which have contributed to creating the problems of traffic congestion and parking scarcity.

                     Inter-Urban Transportation

Yes (2009) pointed out that “leisure transport and business travel greatly influence the demand for inter-urban transportation. Higher incomes came faster and more frequent than shorter duration trips. Saturation in demand has been experienced in some modes like car travel in some countries, but there is no such saturation in overall mobility as there has been a switch to a faster mode including high-speed rail and air transport. Inter-urban transportation problems in Bamenda desire the use of other suitable modes of transportation like rail and air transport. This will go a long way to eliminate problems arising as a result of road transportation in areas like Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About.

Gines de Rus (2009) pointed out that, the future of interurban public transport will be significantly affected by public sector decisions concerning investment in infrastructure, particularly the construction of new high-speed rail lines in medium-distance corridors where cars, buses, aeroplanes and conventional trains are the competing modes of transport.

The distribution of traffic between the alternative modes of transport depends on the generalized prices, which fundamentally consist of costs, time and government’s pricing decisions.

Inter-urban transportation development and management in Bamenda is all in the hands of stakeholders who have to give the right to do so. Every problem that may occur during the process will depend on the management strategies being put into place.

Turton (1989) opined that urban transportation infrastructures are currently undergoing high demand from freights and passengers traffic.

As result cities in the world required urban transportation improvement.

Similarly, urban transportation problems in Bamenda is a result of insufficiency in transport improvements like parking space and mode of transportation since road transport is the only mean of transportation.

  RESEARCH QUESTIONS

 Main Research Question

What are the challenges of Inter-Urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About in Bamenda?

1.5.2. Specific Questions

1. What is the state of inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About in Bamenda?

2. What are the reasons for the growth of inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About in Bamenda?

3. What problems plague inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About?

4. How are these problems managed and how can they be resolved?

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

   Main Objective

To examine the challenges of inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About in Bamenda.

    Specific Objectives

• To examine the state of Inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About.
• To determine the reason for the growth in Inter-urban transportation in Hospital Round 3) About and Mobile Nkwen in
• To examine the problems of inter-urban transportation that manifest in Hospital Round About and Mobile
• To evaluate the current management strategies of the problem and project sustainable planning

1.6. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

1.7.1. Main Hypothesis

Inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen And Hospital Round About is characterized by several challenges.

1.2.2. Specific Hypotheses

• The state of inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About is not preferable.
• They are many reasons responsible for the growth of inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital Round About in
• Some problems plaguing inter-urban transportation in Mobile Nkwen and Hospital 4) Round About include traffic congestion, parking scarcity, car dependency, pollution and land used
• Appropriate management strategies like traffic control, sanction, and fines have been put into place by the Bamenda City Council, but these strategies are inadequate for sustainable inter-urban transportation in Hospital Round About and Mobile Nkwen in Bamenda.

1.8. IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

The topics “inter urban transportation problems in Bamenda, in Hospital roundabout and Mobile Nkwen in Bamenda, is very important to planners, the government, local and city council and the general community as a whole in several ways:

For planners like those in the field of Geography and Planning, it will help them to be able to observe problems that can arise in transportation as a whole especially in Cameroun in general and Bamenda in Particular.

So that they will plan ahead of time to mitigate, reduce and eliminate these problems like traffic congestion, parking scarcity and car dependency as well as appropriate handling of the causes of these transportation problems.

Also to local and regional councils like the Bamenda city council, it helps the department of transport and traffic control to be able to handle the common problems of traffic congestion and parking scarcity, to reduce too many expenditures and employment that may arise in the employment of municipal police and order expenditure on transport and traffic management.

This will help the council to plan ahead of time on how to handle and reduce these problems which will help to reduce future expenses and costs.

Moreover to other stakeholders like the government especially the ministry of town planning, public work and urban transportation development, the knowledge of the state and challenges of inter-urban transportation is necessary to give a guide for further development in inter-urban transportation and the management strategies to be put into place.