Field mapping in the Douala basin: Fiko, Kompina road cut, Miong Village, Koumbe and Njombe

ABSTRACT

This report present field mapping in the Douala basin precisely carried out in the various localities namely: Fiko, Kompina road cut, Miong Village, Koumbe as well as Njombe on the 26^th  and 27^th  of February 2022.

The first day which was on the 26^th we visited Miang village locality at 11: 01 am which is located at the Northern part of the Douala basin on the Karpu formation which is made up of alteration of lime stone shale and sandstone, Next we visisted the second location found in MIang called Fiko where the out crop studied was sandstone, abundant numbers of pebbles, and lamination present.

The second day which was on the 27^th of February, we visited Nkompina locatity at 10:30 am found at the Northern part of the Douala basin on the Nkapa formation which is made up of alternation limestone, shale, sandstone and mudstone beds. Next study* was at the Koumbe road cut at 11: 30 am where by the out crop studied was at the sandy conglomerate which was characterized by the presence of so many pebbles. Also, between the two distinct layers was the presence and a parallal unconformity separating them. And the last study area was the volcanic cone in Njombe at 1:30 pm part of the Cameroon volcanic line. Its layers, composition and mode of formation observed. Materials here were currently being mined for the production of cement as well as road construction.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background

  The study of geology help us to understand the earth interior and exterior as well as the constituent of rocks and minerals around the Earth.  It goes further to explain the processes that have led to the formation of these materials; the water that flows over the surface and lays underground; the changes that have taken place over the vastness of time and the changes that we can anticipate in the near future. The study of Earth processes and the type of environment these sediments have been deposited. These basins occurs as a result of sediments being accumulated on low – lying surfaces of igneous or metamorphic basement rock which became compacted and lithified over geologic time. Example of some of these basins include: Karo basin in South Africa, Duero Basin in Spain etc

Objectives of the field work

Main objectives 

The aim of this field trip was to study the rock types around the country to enable students live to reality the theoretical aspects of geology. since geology deals with the physical features of the globe, such as its structural and mineral composition so as to enable the students to identify some geological features  such as rocks ( igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic), composition, texture shape as well as the color in relationship to environmental  condition such as temperature, atmospheric pressure, the hydrosphere and asthenosphere at the time of their formation. 

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE

According to the various areas visited, students should be able to identify and describe the different geological features seen in the various areas and also collect rocks, sand and mineral for further studies in the laboratory.

GEOLOGICAL SETTING

The Douala basin, also known as he Douala/Kribi campo is one of the two Atlantic coastal basin. They form part of a series of sedimentary fills living the West African coast. The Douala basin is located at the northern end of the South Atlantic rift and Murat include this basin as the Eastern extension. 

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