DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART DOOR SECURITY SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

The concept of access control using Arduino &RFID technology is that to control the Door automatically.

In this method RFID reader& Arduino board is placed far away to the door, whenever person (he is having RFID card) comes nearer to the Reader, RFID reader reads the data from his RFID tag.

This data is send to the Arduino board, which is basically Microcontroller based board. Arduino board receives that number and compares with valid numbers .

If that number is valid send ‘1’to the Zigbee modem and send ‘0’  if that received number is invalid. Zigbee modem Transmit corresponding data (0 or 1) to the coordinator.

On the receiving side Depending on the Zigbee received data, the Arduino will control the door, if Zigbee ‘0’ is received the Arduino will send Logic HIGH signal to the POWER transistor, then power tr. is ON magnetic lock also on the door is closed.

If Zigbee ‘1’ is received, the Arduino will send Logic LOW signal to the POWER transistor, then power transistor is off Magnetic lock doesn’t conduct   then door is open.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.0 General introduction of radio frequency identification

RFID is technology which works on radio frequency and it use for auto-identification for the different objects.

The RFID systems meanly consist of two parts. In this RFID system, these RFID readers continuously send radio waves of a particular frequency.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. An RFID tag consists of a tiny radio transponder; a radio receiver and transmitter.

RFID belongs to group of technologies referred to and automatic identification and data capture (AIDC). AIDC methods automatically identify objects, collect data about them, and those data directly into the computer systems with little or no human intervention.

RFID methods utilize radio waves to accomplish this. At a simple level RFID system consist of three components:  An RFID tag or smart label, an RFID reader, and an antenna.

RFID tag contains an integrated circuit and an antenna, which is used to transmit data to the RFID reader (also called interrogator).

The reader then converts the radio waves to a more usable form of data.

Information collected from the tags is then transferred through a communication interface to a host computer system, where the data can be stored in a database and analyzed at a later time.

1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The radio frequency identification (RFID) is a technology designed to allow object, animals and even human being to be identified, located and tracked using radio frequency signals.

The technology has developed over the years and is now used in a wide range of application.

The various problems posed by radio frequency identification systems and their solutions are presented. RFID could help stamp out drug counterfeiting trace contaminated beef product to eliminate supermarket checkout lines.

RFID tags can be read at a distance without a person’s knowledge. As result tags placed in consumer item for one purpose might be covertly used to track people and their move through the world.

Most RFID systems operate in the radio spectrums unlicensed portion, where regulation governs power output for reader.

This characteristic, combine with physical limitation, limit the reading range for passive tags, which are powered by the radio signal that reads them.

1.2OBJECTIVES

1.2.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE

General objective is to understand RFID technology and to design and implementation a RFID base of smart door security system.

1.2.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

Design and implement a RFID door opening system

To design and automate a RFID door system in a software.

1.3SCOPE OF THE STUDY

RFID stand for radio frequency identification. The main goal of an RFID system is to carry data on a transponder (tag) that can be retrieved with a transceiver through a wireless connection.