conception and realization of moist heat sterilizer (autoclave)

CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

Of all the methods available for sterilization (killing or removal of all microorganisms, including bacterial spores), moist heat (steam under pressure) in the form of saturated steam under pressure is the most widely used and the most dependable method.  Steam sterilization is nontoxic, inexpensive, rapidly.

It rapidly heats and penetrates fabrics. Moist heat sterilization using autoclave is commonly used for the sterilization of equipment, heat and moisture resistant materials such as aqueous preparation (culture media).  This method is also used for the sterilization of surgical dressings and medical devices.

This project is aimed at using advancement in technology to take care of our equipment by using moist heat to sterilize surgical instrument before use.

I.2.Statement of the problem

Everybody wants to take appropriate measure to take care of surgical instruments .somebody continue to use some method to sterilize instruments of hospital .that is why we have chosen conception and realization of moist heat sterilizer which is ideal solution to sterilize the surgical instruments.

I.3. Research question

In other for the surgical instruments, we need a steam sterilizer that can produce a certain range of temperature and humidity that can effectively work on instruments. It can be concluded that the sterilization in the presence of steam is more efficient since it requires less time and temperature than dry heat. We can now ask our self:

• What are the particularities of that method of sterilization to distinguish the other one?
• What will be the advantages and disadvantages of this project?
• What are the various materials we are going to use for this project to be done?
• What do we need as information to come out with this project?

I.4.Objectives of this study

The aim of this study is to come out with a system which would be a benefit for us in many environments especially in some hospital. This system aims to play a significant role in surgical equipment. In the scope of our work, to better define this topic, we would start by to give you first the general objective of this work which is to build a system or machine able to sterilize the surgical equipment and against to demonstrated it necessary in the domain of health of human and second objective which is to show the use of moist heat sterilizer and the different advantages to use an autoclave.

I.5.scope of the study

Theoretically, we would start with the theoretical study until the conception and realization of an autoclave .geographically, our study is based on Cameroon, in the north-west region and especially in the bambili subdivision. And temporally from October 2015 date where the entry in ENSET Bambili until June 2018.